Purpose: Innovation, including product, process, marketing, and organizational innovation within a firm, is considered … as one of essential component for surviving and growing. These innovation activities create value and competitive … advantages for successful organizations; therefore, understanding the organization's overall innovation is the first and foremost …

patterns of innovation-related activities, we examine the effects of factors both internal and external to the firm. Analyzing … CIS data, we find that external factors are more helpful in explaining innovation strategies than internal factors. Our … econometric model can quite adequately predict innovation strategies, implying that firm-specific factors might not dominate other …