We consider a dynamic three-stage game played by two regulator-firm hierarchies to capture the scale and technological effects of opening markets to international trade. Each firm produces one good sold on the market. Firms can invest in R&D in order to lower their fixed emission/output ratio...

This paper considers those sectors of the economy that operate under the same regimes of rewarding private innovators as others, but differ in that they face recurring problems of resistance, as occur in the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. This recurrence originates in the natural...

Für die Industrie ist eine ressourceneffiziente Produktion ein wichtiges Thema. Grund dafür ist vor allem das Kosteneinsparungspotenzial. Dennoch könnten heute immer noch laut eigener Einschätzung von Industriebetrieben durchschnittlich 14 Prozent des Energiebedarfs und 6 Prozent des...