knowledge spillovers are unmeasurable, a 'goodness of fit' measure is constructed using innovation survey data. It turns out …In this paper it is tested which of the various alternative approaches for constructing knowledge spillover pools … that measures of the uncentered correlation of firm characteristics seem to fit actual knowledge spillovers best. Direct …

This paper analyses the influence of in-house R&D and external knowledge acquisition on the total factor productivity … with domestic partners. We do not find a significant effect for employing inventors with access to international knowledge … or for collaborating with international partners. International knowledge acquisition is only effective if conducted via …