Israel offers contingent subsidies to selected industrial R&D projects, with the purpose of creating high-quality jobs, reducing the trade deficit, increasing productivity and promoting growth. In 1987-94, 1,200 firms received $1,400 million of subsidies in support of $3,500 million of R&D (in...

This is a detailed study of the effects of developments in new materials on industrial strategies in Europe. The study shows how a new information-rich economic system is emerging, based on uncertainty and complexity management. The mechanisms of emergence and of viability of such a system...