The authors compare trends in per capita private consumption, social sector indicators, and government spending in the social sectors, between countries that received Bank adjustment loans and countries that did not. They point out that there is little reason to believe that the poor are being...

This paper examines trends in the growth of consumption and its distribution and assesses its relative impact on the poor and the ultra poor, over time and across states of India. Using the National Sample Survey data for sixteen major states of India, the paper addresses three issues: (a) how...

This paper explores the relationship between growth rates and changes in welfare, using alternative procedures for measuring growth. The Bank and other organizations often compute growth rates by fitting a least-squares linear trend line to the logarithmic values of economic indicators for a...

This paper proposes a methodology to estimate required growth rates, investment rates, and per capita foreign aid in US dollars in order to achieve the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) of halving poverty between 1990 and 2015. It provides a methodology which gives a linkage between costs of...

From a methodological point of view, this paper makes two contributions to the literature. One contribution is the proposal of a new measure of pro-poor growth. This new measure provides the linkage between growth rates in mean income and in income inequality. In this context, growth is defined...

The Ukraine is now faced with economic crisis on an unprecedented scale. The government has to follow rigorous demand management policies, which entail lowering the population's standard of living. To design policies that protect the poorest and most vulnerable groups in the society, it is...