Technology = Recipes -- The advance of code. Jobs : divide and coordinate ; Code : "This is the procedure" ; Machines : "The universal character" ; Computers : predicting the weather -- Code economics. Substitution : the great Man-vs-Machine Debate ; Information : "Reliable circuits using crummy...

We first summarize the dominant interpretations of the "frontier" in the United States and predecessor colonies over the past 400 years: agricultural (1610s-1880s), industrial (1890s-1930s), scientific (1940s-1980s), and algorithmic (1990s-present). We describe the difference between the...