Pacific Life is a diversified financial services company with a history of autonomous business units. Pacific Life had five independent divisions, including Life Insurance, Annuities and Mutual Funds, and Investments. These divisions served different customers and responded to different...

Faced with a large number of impending retirements, Chevron intended to downsize by outsourcing commodity services. In 2004 management recognized that taking advantage of the growing number of services available on the market required new competencies. This case describes how Chevron learned to...