Until October 1997, firms wishing to go public in Japan were required to use a hybrid auction process where up to half of the issue (the "auction tranche") was offered to investors via a discriminatory auction. Remaining shares (the "public offer tranche") were sold a few days later by a firm...

This paper examines the initiation of analyst coverage of IPO firms in the presence of management forecasts. For a sample of 763 Australian IPOs from 1992 to 2004, we find firms that provide a management forecast in the prospectus are more likely to receive analyst coverage, after correcting for...

The paper looks at bookbuilding mechanism as it existed in India from the time of creation of regulatory structure facilitating book-building to September 2005. The author has proprietory data of about 100 books and allocations schedules as well as flipping behaviour of the QIBs which were...

Most of the analyses of small firms' decision to seek outside equity financing and the conditions thereof have concerned private firms. Knowledge of the risk and return of entrepreneurial ventures for outside investors is consequently limited. This paper attempts to fill this gap by examining...

We analyze the economic consequences of disclosure and regulation within a context of significant information asymmetry and lenient regulation. In Canada, firms can enter the stock market at a pre-revenue stage by fulfilling each of the requirements of an initial public offerings or using...

This paper examines the valuation of venture capital (VC)-backed IPOs in Canada and the US over the 1986-2007 period. The data indicate that differences in listing standards between Canada and the US account for fact that IPOs are valued substantially lower in Canada. We consider alternative...

We examine IPOs in Korea during the period August 2000-January 2002. We conclude that the high level of underpricing in Korean IPOs is the unintended consequence of regulations designed to promote fairness. Two aspects of the regulations distort the process – an “essential price” formula...

This paper investigates the correlation between pre-initial public offering (pre-IPO) earnings management and underwriter reputation for issuers with different ownership structures in China. We document a significantly inverse relationship between underwriter reputation and pre-IPO earnings...

Shareholder participation in domestic rights offerings averages only 64%, which is considerably lower than previously thought. This causes wealth transfers from nonparticipating to participating shareholders which average 7% of the value of the offering. Wealth transfers are larger in...

This paper analyzes exit strategies of buyout funds in their portfolio companies following Initial Public Offerings. We use a data set of 222 buyout-backed IPOs in the United States between 1999 and 2008 including hand-collected data about each exit process to draw up a detailed road map of...