Venture capital trusts (VCTs) were introduced to provide private equity capital for small expanding companies and to promote innovation. Investors in IPOs are rewarded with tax relief on the cost of lock-up provisions to stabilise the market. This paper examines the market reaction and trading...

Firms in transition economies often suffer financial constraints. In Initial Public Offerings (IPOs), however, many newly listed Chinese firms raise funds in excess of what is originally planned. This paper examines whether the excess IPO funds are wasted on value-destroying spending or enable...

Initial coin offerings (ICOs) are a new financing instrument that allows start-ups to sell blockchain-based digital tokens for capital on the internet. This study tests the effects of disclosure of founders' background information and founding team's collective human capital on ICO outcomes. We...

This paper examines listing location as a managerial decision by using a sample of IPOs of Chinese entrepreneurial firms in mainland China, the United States and Hong Kong. We find that Chinese entrepreneurial firms managed by CEOs with international experience are more likely to undertake...