Bank levies have been implemented broadly in Europe in differing ways. This paper offers an analysis of the UK bank levy, compares it to the levies in France and Germany, and outlines the US position. It particularly highlights the marked instability which has characterised the UK levy and the...

Using the 2008-09 Global financial crisis and the 2012 Euro area sovereign debt crisis as natural experiments, we investigate the effects of contractions in credit supply on R&D spending in a large sample of European firms. Our identification strategy exploits differences in financial...

Globalization, Specialization and Innovation Dynamics.- Savings, Investment and Growth: New Approaches for Macroeconomic Modeling -- Economic Integration, Technological Progress and Growth -- Impact of the Real Exchange Rate on Trade, Structural Change and Growth -- Macroeconomic Aspects of...