After a long period of catch-up growth that began after the Second World War, France has now reached a technological …'s most innovative economies? Why is it so difficult for France and its economic agents to transform the output of its world … growth?We believe that France has reached a turning point and that there is today a substantial risk that the “institutions …

How did Britain sustain faster rates of economic growth than comparable European countries, such as France, during the … innovation network using patent data from Britain and France in the late-18th and early-19th century. We show that the network … quantify the implications for technology growth rates in Britain compared to France. Our results indicate that the shape of the …