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We argue that a patent system makes collusion among innovators more difficult. Our simple argument is based on two properties of the patent system. First, a patent not only protects against infringement but also against retaliation by former collusion members. Second, a deviator has an equal...
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In this paper we analyse the role of financial resources in a process of competition interpreted as a continuous restructuring of productive capacities. Financial constraints appear an essential means of co-ordination. Co-ordination with the environment where this process of restructuring takes...
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productivity gains. In fact, the viability of innovation processes cannot be dissociated from the way market structures emerge and …
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may even reduce welfare. The reason is that it crowds out proprietary innovation which on net may reduce total innovation … in the long run. These effects would be reinforced if philanthropical innovation diverted people from other productive …
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There is considerable debate regarding the use of intellectual property rights (IPR) to spur innovation in the software … developing a growth optimal mixture of open source and closed source software. This optimal scenario is then used as a basis to … examine the co-existence of open and closed source software within various institutional frameworks ranging from no protection …
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