Thorwarth, Susanne; Kraft, Kornelius; Czarnitzki, Dirk - 2008
expenditure and development expenditure, due to data availability. However, in most industries only (applied) research will lead … to patentable knowledge, and development happens after the initial research phase that may have led to a patent. Instead … Belgian firms. It turns out that only the 'R' part of R&D expenditure has a significant effect on patents and that development …