linkage contributes to the debate on firm- or university-led innovation. Using a large patent dataset from Shenzhen, the first … firms into the university-led innovation clusters in science parks; firm innovation in patent fields like human necessities … units are attracted by firm-type innovators and the size of such attraction. Testing the bidirectional spatial innovation …

patent applications to the European Patent Office, with the top five (Tokyo, Seoul, San Francisco, Higashiosaka and Paris … technology patent applications are more concentrated in top cities than applications in other technology fields. In the United … States, which has led digital technology deployment, the concentration of patent applications in top cities increased more …

within them. Our tests show that the localization of knowledge spillovers, as measured via patent citations, is strongest at …

examine the spatial clustering of private R&D labs, and, using patent citations data, we provide evidence of localized …

We employ a unique data set to examine the spatial clustering of private R&D labs, and, using patent citations data, we …

University has being playing an increasing role in supporting innovation. In this way, university-industry linkages has …

Geography Growth models in the context of the existing geography of innovation literature. The first part of the paper … contributions to the geography of innovation literature in the course of time. For this purpose, the paper examines in a meta … centripetal and centrifugal forces, circular causality and finally the geography of innovation …