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This WTO working paper studies availability and affordability of new and innovative pharmaceuticals in a post-TRIPS era …. The WTO's TRIPS Agreement (TRIPS) makes it obligatory for WTO members − except least-developed country members (LDCs) - to … to be compliant with this provision of TRIPS by 2005. This study investigates two questions in this context: (1) How does …
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extreme urgency" within the meaning of Article 31(b) of the TRIPS Agreement. Some legislations, such as European competition …
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This paper analyses the causal impact of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) on pharmaceutical innovation in a panel of 74 countries. The identification strategy exploits the different timing across countries of two sets of IPR reforms. Domestic innovation is measured as citation-weighted...
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