evident from the analysis of (examples in) the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). The … Germany developed their respective disciplines differently. …

I investigate the contribution of pharmaceutical innovation to recent longevity growth in Germany and France. First, I …-adjusted mortality rates of residents of Germany, using longitudinal, annual, state-level data during the period 2000-2007. The estimates …

evident from the analysis of (examples in) the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). The … Germany developed their respective disciplines differently. …

smoking cessation products, based on a new dataset of patents on such products from 1951-2004. We find that an increase in … cigarette tax levels and smoking bans had no discernible impact on the industry-wide rate of invention in smoking cessation …, the introduction of the nicotine gum and patch are estimated to have increased the rate of patenting activity in smoking …

passage of U.S. state-level smoke-free laws that ban smoking in workplaces. We find a significant increase in patents and …

smoking cessation products, based on a new dataset of patents on such products from 1951-2004. We find that an increase in … cigarette tax levels and smoking bans had no discernible impact on the industry-wide rate of invention in smoking cessation …, the introduction of the nicotine gum and patch are estimated to have increased the rate of patenting activity in smoking …

World Health Organisation (WHO) and others that smoking increases the risk of dying from COVID-19, is likely to increase …