Over the last decade, generic penetration in the U.S. pharmaceutical market has increased substantially, providing significant gains in consumer surplus. What impact has this rise in generic penetration had on the rate and direction of early stage pharmaceutical innovation? We explore this...

Since Comanor and Scherer (1969), researchers have been using patents as a proxy for new product development. In this paper, we reevaluate this relationship by using novel new data. We demonstrate that the relationship between patenting and new FDA-approved product introductions has diminished...

In this paper, we examine the propriety of using patents as a proxy for firm innovative performance. We find that in the pharmaceutical industry during 1985-2001 they are not. Replicating the methodology in a study by Comanor and Scherer (1969) upon which many current studies base their use of...