We investigate the causal effect of patent rights on cumulative innovation, using large-scale data that approximate the … patent universe in its technological and economic variety. We introduce a novel instrumental variable for patent invalidation … that exploits personnel scarcity in post-grant opposition at the European Patent Office. We find that patent invalidation …

We investigate the causal effect of patent rights on cumulative innovation, using large-scale data that approximate the … patent universe in its technological and economic variety. We introduce a novel instrumental variable for patent invalidation … that exploits personnel scarcity in post-grant opposition at the European Patent Office. We find that patent invalidation …

Open innovation is the subject of increased scholarly debate. A lot of attention has thereby been paid to firm …-centered open innovation, characterized by a for-profit motive and the interplay between patents and contracts, resulting in … communities the present paper examines how the law can assist in establishing a new approach to open innovation (‘new' open …

patentability standards at PTOs (Patent and Trademark Offices awarding so-called bad patents), not only “false innovators” have the … chance of being granted patents but also, and more interestingly, “true innovators” are forced to patent more intensively … distortions caused by bad patents. Moreover, we show that introducing a two-tiered patent system is unlikely to improve market …

The recent surge of patent disputes plays an important role in discouraging firms from entering new technology domains … at EPO between 2000 and 2015, we construct a new measure of litigiousness using patent opposition data. We find that the … degree of litigiousness and the density of patent thickets negatively affect the likelihood of firms entering new TDs. Across …

This article investigates patent protection for a long sequence of innovations where firms repeatedly supersede each … using a patentability requirement--a minimum innovation size required for patents. A patentability requirement can stimulate … to innovation …

This study was initiated in order to provide more factual insight into the recent debates on patent reforms in general … and more particularly, the practice of patent continuations in the United States Patent and Trademark Office ("USPTO … components of the flow of patent applications to the USPTO was carried out and insight into the ever-increasing propensity of …

China has a wide-range of patent-specific and other patent-related policies in-place, many of which are at least … partially meant to stimulate patents and "indigenous innovation." However, the analysis in this paper discusses how some of … innovation …

’s PHOSITA standard. The second principle holds that patent breadth should be chosen to balance the benefits of innovation … modern patent law. But economic theory has moved on. Since the 1990s, legal scholars have repeatedly mined the discipline to … literature’s broader lessons for doctrine. This article asks how well today’s patent doctrine follows and occasionally departs …

in where environmental law has failed to efficiently provide greater incentives for environmental innovation. A patent … not face efficient incentives for environmental innovation - a market failure that patent rewards can ameliorate. Along …Despite numerous and diverse efforts, environmental law generally fails to promote technological innovation with …