The research aims to examine the difference between absence and presence life cycle stage in technology information digitalization (TID) as a form of open innovation in reducing information asymmetry. Furthermore, companies with asymmetric information prefer debt over equity. The study collects...

The innovation ecosystem concept has been widely used as a framework to explain innovation activities within different industries. Despite the usefulness of this approach, the concept is under-theorized, especially with regard to the methodological issues. This article presents a new approach in...