International knowledge spillovers, especially through multinational companies (MNCs), have recently been a major topic … of discussion among academics and practitioners. Most research in this field focuses on knowledge sharing activities of … MNC subsidiaries. Relatively little is known about their capabilities for protecting valuable knowledge from spilling over …

. This gives rise to a complements and a double mark-up problem. We compare the welfare effects of two different business … discourages entry and reduces innovation incentives, while horizontal integration always benefits from entry and innovation …

the primary patent covering an innovation and whether the innovating firm's licenses its innovation or raises external … effects from the empirical analysis, the theory suggests that patent filing may act as a signal to financial investors that …The importance of intellectual property (IP) rights for commercializing innovation is well established. Moreover …

the primary patent covering an innovation and whether the innovating firm's licenses its innovation or raises external … effects from the empirical analysis, the theory suggests that patent filing may act as a signal to financial investors that …The importance of intellectual property (IP) rights for commercializing innovation is well established. Moreover …