relations between innovating firms, suppliers and users, using data from Germany. The analysis is based on a survey conducted by … the "Center for European Economic Research" (Mannheim, Germany) among 3122 firms representing 378 different lines of …

in the real world to frame a theoretical explanation of this cross-organizational innovation and to reconceptualize the … - what we call contracting for innovation. This pattern braids explicit and implicit contracting to support iterative … collaborative innovation by raising switching costs. These costs, represented by the parties' parallel investment in transaction …

in the real world to frame a theoretical explanation of this cross-organizational innovation and to reconceptualize the … - what we call contracting for innovation. This pattern braids explicit and implicit contracting to support iterative … collaborative innovation by raising switching costs. These costs, represented by the parties' parallel investment in transaction …

the size of the innovation is small; this occurs regardless of the participations in the competing companies and how many … innovate. If the innovation is very large, the owners may be better off with exclusive licenses …