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The pursuit to uncover the driving forces behind cross-country income gaps has divided economists into two major camps: One emphasizes institutions, while the other stresses non-institutional forces such as geography. Each school of thought has its own theoretical foundation and empirical...
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of the exodus of humans from Africa tens of thousands of years ago, contributed to the differential formation of pre …
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the West as a model. This indeed has been the case in Ghana, West Africa. In Ghana s urban centers, the large buildings …
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In this essay, we provide a simple conceptual framework to elucidate the forces that lead to institutional persistence and change. Our framework is based on a dynamic game between different groups, who care both about current policies and institutions and future policies, which are themselves...
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nondemocracy to democracy, alters the distribution of de jure political power, but the elite can intensify their investments in de … we refer to as invariance. When the model is enriched to allow for limits on the exercise of de facto power by the elite … may survive, but choose economic institutions favoring the elite. The main ideas featuring in the model are illustrated …
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