This paper discusses India's institutionalized technology transfer (TT) policies and practices and examines their impact on economic development. The paper is organized chronologically. The pre-independence era is sub-organized into: early history and British colonial period. The...

This paper discusses India's post independence technology transfer (TT) policies and practices and examines their impact on economic development. It then juxtaposes similar findings for two other countries - Turkey and Israel. All three gained independence in the 20th century. At independence...

America has a long and rich history of transferring technology (TT), from government laboratories and agencies to the private sector as a matter of national policy. This policy dates back to the Morrill Act of 1862 creating the Land Grant Universities and in turn the Agricultural Extension...

Until 1948 the year Israel gained independence from Britain, its land was mostly barren, sparsely populated, and its agriculture performed by small communes of inexperienced farmers. Its manufacturing was cottage industry in format. Over the years, Israeli universities and institutes have...