such applications, a key role is played by complementarities in the process of innovation. …

complementarity or substitutability. In addition, and to our knowledge novel, we propose a measure of concordance (or proximity …This work investigates the relationship between proxies of innovation activities, such as patents and trademarks, and …

This paper analyses the causal impact of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) on pharmaceutical innovation in a panel of …. Domestic innovation is measured as citation-weighted domestic patents filed at the European Patent Office (EPO): to account for … to patent at the EPO. Results show that, in the short-run, IPR stimulate innovation. The effect for developing countries …

We test whether intellectual property rights (IPRs) foster or hinder innovation by estimating IV structural equations …

This paper examines the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on domestic innovation based on a data set covering … show that there is a negative horizontal spillover effect of FDI on domestic innovation when the intellectual property … on why developing countries should encourage FDI and strengthen the IPR regime together to enhance domestic innovation …

own innovation. The analysis predicts that the willingness to enforce IPR is U-shaped in a country GDP: small … enforcement of IPR yields a higher level of innovation and global welfare only if the developing country does not innovate. A …

investigates the link between outsourcing and innovation empirically using firm-level data for over 20 emerging market economies …

This paper develops a three-stage model of innovation, fixed-fee licensing and production to evaluate the welfare … effects of compulsory licensing, taking into account both static (information sharing) and dynamic (innovation incentive …