It has been commonly argued that the decision of a large number of inventors to license complementary patents necessary …

of tacit knowledge codification, and to illuminate the role of intellectual property in the firm. Patents, for example … ameliorating the risks associated with loss of tacit knowledge. Thus, aside from the usual justifications for patents in terms of … know-how will always remain in tacit form, unpatented and uncodified. As with all codes, the use of patents assumes an …

Concerns have been expressed that gene patents might result in restricted access to research and health care. The … exponential growth of patents claiming human DNA sequences might result in patent thickets, royalty stacking and, ultimately, a …

plant breeding. This can be reached by restricting the scope of patents in plant breeding, and more specifically by … reinstating the exemption of patents on plant (varieties) or by introducing full breeder’s exemption in patent rights. Both … policy options that can be introduced simultaneously, such as tightening of the evaluation criteria for granting patents and …

Recent years have seen a remarkable increase in patents in the field of information, communication and entertainment … (ICE) technology and biotechnology. The growth of patents in those areas has triggered serious concern about access to ICE … and genome related inventions, as the rise of patents may lead to “patent thickets” and royalty stacking, frustrating the …

The present paper explores the multi-layered relationship between plant patents, the right to food and competition law … property (IP) – thereby making a pivotal shift from plant breeder’s rights to patents – has possibly led to hampering effects …