This paper studies how low interest rates weaken the short-run transmission of monetary policy and contract the long-run supply of bank credit. As U.S. bond rates have fallen, the pass-through of monetary shocks to loan and deposit rates has weakened while the spread on U.S. bank loans has...

The financing structure of the euro area economy has evolved since the global financial crisis with non-bank financial intermediation taking a more prominent role. This shift affects the transmission of monetary policy. Compared with banks, non-bank financial intermediaries are more responsive...

Die vorherrschende geldtheoretische Schule in Deutschland erklärt die Geldmenge als Produkt aus Basisgeldmenge und Multiplikator, wobei die Basisgeldmenge als exogen, d.h. von der Zentralbank fixiert angesehen wird. Vathjes Arbeit stellt eine grundlegende theoretisch und empirisch fundierte...

This paper investigates the credit channel in Germany and the United Kingdom. The financial systems of these two countries show substantial structural differences, which leads one to expect that their real sectors respond differently to changes in monetary policy. To the extent that this is the...