This article finds that even in the 1980's, when barriers to international capital mobility had been largely eliminated, there was no measurable tendency for real interest rates between the U.S. and the major industrial countries to converge. Moreover, the estimated short-run responses of both...

Sticky price monetary models of exchange rates, while reasonable theoretically, have been disappointing empirically. Out-of-sample predictions have been little or no better than those from a naive model of no change. The most likely reason is that shocks to the market's expectation of the future...