Both "actions" and "interactions' can be considered as micro-operations that can be aggregated from a systemic perspective. Whereas actions operate historically, interactions provide the events retrospectively with meaning. Luhmann's sociology of communication systems adds to the approach of...

Communication as Social Theory: The Social Side of Knowledge Management develops a social theory at micro level, with communication as the essential social mechanism within the theory. Leadership expert Johannessen examines how we can advance communication as social theory. The communicative...