This article examines the old controversial question of the legal status of corporations under international law in light of new developments in the field of international investment law. It argues that corporations may be considered as subjects of international law in the context of bilateral...

The TBT Agreement essentially prohibits Members from using technical barriers to ‘create unnecessary obstacles to international trade' and to discriminate between products of different national origins, while acknowledging the rights of the Members to determine adequate levels of protection of...

Greater access and inclusion of civil society is a possible means of increasing participation in international governing processes and thus enhancing the democratic legitimacy of global governance. Yet, opening the doors of an international organization to civil society is often controversial....

The article focuses on the role of the NGOs in the dispute settlement process of the WTO. It argues that NGOs participation is underpinned by the emerging norm of participatory democracy. Given the growing expectations about WTO's accountability, transparency and democratic legitimacy, the NGOs...

Recent trends in World Trade Organization (WTO) disputes show non-state actors play an increasingly significant role in the resolution of disputes between WTO Members. First, the Appellate Body has interpreted the Right to Seek Information in Article XIII of the Dispute Settlement Understanding...

This article explores the involvement of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in investor-state arbitration, with a specific focus on their growing recognition as amici curiae, or friends of the court. This paper discusses the significance of NGO arguments in addressing failed water...