. Evidence suggests that the short-term results can be explained by import competition, while the long-term results can be …

evidence that is consistent with this prediction. Over a fifteen year period between 1995 and 2009, the rise in import …

-level import competition and firm-level outsourcing. We find that imports from China are much more important than imports from … other low-wage countries. Industry-level import competition from China reduced firm employment and induced skill upgrading …. Import competition from China alone can explain around 30 percent of the total skill upgrading in Belgian manufacturing …

.S. patents matched to corporate owners, we quantify how foreign competition affects domestic innovation. Rising import exposure … sectoral patenting trends, we find that U.S. patent production declines in sectors facing greater import competition. This …

reconcile these findings by linking part of the increase in domestic concentration to import competition. Although concentration … increase. We find that higher import competition caused a decline in the market shares of the top twenty U.S. firms. …