discussion of flexibility and credibility trade-offs and exit issues. …

reduction in Chinese imports from the U.S. during the height of the U.S.-China trade war in 2018 and 2019. We infer non … than 90\% of the welfare cost to Chinese consumers of the U.S.-China trade war. The welfare loss to China of a given …

The research in this paper is focus on macroeconomic analysis of trade and other relevant indicator for real economy … such as government net debt, exchange rate, interest rate, and especially the correlation between trade and growth. Today … trade is challenge for economists of small developing countries. The mail goal in this paper is theoretical analysis of some …

multilateral cooperation when countries are linked by international trade flows and transboundary pollution. …

of trade to estimate a panel cointegrating relationship between real exchange rates and a set of fundamentals for a …-based real exchange rate and commodity terms of trade. The estimated impact of productivity growth differentials between traded …