We analyze the relationship between trade and the environment in a vertically integrated world economy, an … our setting, carbon leakage is always negative and we find that globalization, as defined as an increase in (i) trade … openness and (ii) the degree of vertical integration, has an ambiguous impact on the responsiveness of pollution to local …

. Taking as its core focus the trade war between the USA and China, this book focuses impact on the rest of the world …'s economies, and explores key areas including neo-protectionism, globalization and restricted trade, inflation volatility, FDI and … favour of free trade since the World War II, today's United States has projected itself towards greater protectionism and …