It is a common knowledge that the eastern enlargement of the European Union (EU) was an extremely important undertaking for both the New Member States (EU-10) and the "old Union" countries (EU-15). One of the most important effects was significant acceleration of the development of mutual trade...

This article presents the results of an analysis comparing the competitive position of Poland and other countries of the Visegrad Group (V4) in the post‑accession period (2004-2015). The assumption is that among the V4 countries, Poland has joined those countries where the diverse effects of...

The article presents the results of an analysis that compares changes in Poland’s competitive position against the backdrop of the Visegrad Group (V4) countries and the Baltic States (BS3) in the post-accession period (2006-2017). This type of study has not been presented in detail in the...

Die USA stehen am Beginn eines Wahljahres. Die Wahlen am 3. November 2020 werden prägenden Einfluss auf das transatlantische Verhältnis und auf globale Kooperationsstrukturen auf vielfältigen Themengebieten haben. Dabei geht es nicht nur um die Frage, ob die aktuelle Administration für...

‘Austerity' was the 2010 word of the year according to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, with more that 250,000 clicks on the online edition. This papers examines fiscal austerity in the specific context of the 12 early members of the European Economic and Monetary Union and, for comparative...

Korean exports to Japan are highly correlated to Japanese GDP growth. Given Japan's large fiscal deficit and debt, there is concern that future government austerity measures may cause a collapse in Korean exports to that country. After summarizing the magnitude of Japan's fiscal woes, we...

Recent reports from Iraq paint a mixed picture of a country taking steps toward selfgovernance and economic recovery as well as one experiencing waves of violent internecine conflict. In this paper, we analyze weekly price data for 255 goods from the eighteen Iraqi governorates over the years...

The main economic governance and day-to-day Economic Diplomacy (ED) are important to any country's international policy. In today's globalized world, ED is an important tool for countries to develop, stay engaged, and even survive economically. This paper has pointed out the study of ED as a...