There is an emerging consensus among American politicians and many citizens that trade and globalization have undermined America's working class, resulting in a rise in U.S. populism. This view frequently targets the 2000 U.S. law that granted China “permanent normal trade relations” (PNTR)...

The WTO dispute resolution system is widely used and is a litigation-oriented process. It is at the core of global trade relations today. Both the United States and China have been aggressive users of it. Each country has shown a willingness to address contentious issues. This has been to the...

This paper presents a simulator to observe how a trade war can affect the economic performance of both countries or regions. This new simulator is entitled “The Foreign Trade War Smash Wave Effect Simulator (FTWSWE-Simulator).” The FTWSWE-Simulator works under the concept of the inter-spaces...

This study focuses on Pakistan and Bangladesh trade relations, which have developed over the period of time. Both countries are the member countries of SAARC and are signatories of SAFTA. The empirical finding in the study revealed that for both countries, trade flows have increased over time,...

More than 170 years ago, Frédéric Bastiat noted in his masterly work Economic Sophisms that the “opposition to free trade rests upon errors, or, if you prefer, upon half-truths.”1 Ever since Adam Smith successfully replaced mercantilist orthodoxy with free trade doctrine in his celebrated...

We review theoretical and empirical work on the economic effects of the United States and China trade relations during the last decades. We first discuss the origins of the China shock, its measurement, and present methods used to study its economic effects on different outcomes. We then focus...

As a consequence of the European recession, interest of Central European firms has increased towards Asian markets. Trade and investment relations seem to have intensified between the four Visegrád countries and East Asia. This paper aims to analyse trends of foreign direct investment and the...

A major feature of globalization has been the enormous increase in international flows of goods and services: countries are now trading much more with each other. In this article, the authors demonstrate the greater role vertical specialization is playing in these increased flows. Vertical...

The Trans-Pacific Partnership and Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership will impact on substantive market regulations in a wide a range of areas bearing on market access, both by establishing substantive new horizontal and sectoral standards and by establishing requirements regarding...