This paper analyzes the international trade relations of the United States, Canada, and Mexico with the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) member countries currently and historically in order to provide insights for TPP's future effects provided it potentially comes into force. Using a gravity...

Total U.S. trade with NAFTA partners has increased 78 percent in real terms since 1993-U.S. Mexico trade alone is up 141 percent-compared to a 43 percent increase in U.S. trade with the rest of the world. In this article we compare the nature of U.S. trade growth with Canada and Mexico to growth...

The concept of virtual water – the amount of water used during the entire production chain of goods – represents a new tool for policymakers in water-scarce countries to shape policies in ways that improve water use efficiency. The present study extends work on the virtual water concept by...