This paper looks at the development of Chinese exports to Central Asian countries after Russia's invasion of Ukraine in …) categories 84, 85, 87, and 90. Many of the products sanctioned by the West in trade with Russia belong to these categories, but … smaller than direct trade with Russia, China's exports - especially to Kyrgyzstan - have seen dramatic increases in the HS 84 …

progress to integrate into the Western European division of labour although a significant share of (transit) trade with Russia …