detrended data for personal consumption expenditures and manufacturing output suggest that the U.S. economy has recovered to … near 90% of pre-pandemic levels as of March 2021, our structural VAR model shows that the component of manufacturing output …

productivity, which led to an overall decline in the productivity of a significant number of industries in Spanish manufacturing. …

values (UVs) cum real competitiveness analysis to the manufacturing sector of four South Asian countries (with particular … technology leaders serve as the most appropriate indication of underlying structural changes, and such change is manifested in … technology closing-up processes among countries. According to our indices, the export competitiveness of South Asian countries …