Trade costs associated with institutional failures and political risks, continue to serve as a big barrier to regional and international trade. Despite this strong impediment, limited work has been done to investigate the effect of weak institutions and type of political regime on bilateral...

This paper sets up a two-country model of oligopoly to analyze the relationship between trade costs and trade policy cooperation. Acting non-cooperatively, the two countries are caught in a prisoner's dilemma in which import tariffs are used to improve one country's terms of trade and to shift...

The year 2018 was a milestone year for India-Bhutan relationship as the countries celebrated the accomplishments of the last fifty years of time-tested and special ties. The mutually beneficial economic ties have been the centre-piece of India-Bhutan relationship. India is Bhutan's largest...

This paper analyzes frameworks for the design of the rules for international trading, assuming that it is possible to have some rule of law. In the Arrow-Debreu benchmark, where there is no economic power and political power is seemingly irrelevant, there is no need for trade agreements - free...

This paper analyzes a prominent dimension of the initial policy response to the COVID-19 pandemic observed in many countries: the imposition of export restrictions and actions to facilitate imports. Using weekly data on the use of trade policy instruments during the first seven months of the...

The Everything But Arms agreement, introduced by the EU in 2001, eliminated duties on most imports from the least developed countries. To avail of these benefits, however, the exported product must contain a sufficiently large share of local content. Thus, the agreement may have affected both...

This paper analyzed how the main economies have used the antidumping measures (AD) after the Uruguay round, between 1995 and 2012. Therefore, some techniques were employed in order to reveal the main AD users and the trend, of using this instrument, associated to each one of them. We also tested...

This paper will reflect on the burgeoning ‘trade and climate change’ scholarship in the context of previous linkage debates – particularly the trade and environment/human rights/development literature. It will focus on the extent to which unilateral measures adopted by States to fight...

This paper analyses trade specialisation dynamics in two Eastern European countries (Romania and Bulgaria - EEC-2) vis-à-vis the core EU member states (EU-15) over the period 1990-2006. Specifically, we focus on whether there is a shift towards intra-industry trade leading to economic...

This is an empirical paper seeking to identify the mode of Turkey's integration into global markets in general, and pan-European markets in particular, as revealed in its trade performance. The analysis provides empirical support to the following observations. First, thanks to steady expansion...