is associated with substantially higher exports. This is particularly the case for LDCs that also export manufactured and …In this paper, we examine the extent to which developing countries export more as a result of being officially labelled …' trade preferences on the exports of LDCs and the effectiveness of the trade preference schemes of the EU, the US, Canada …

affect export upgrading and, if so, whether their effects are complementary or substitutable. Export upgrading entails export … diversification (including overall export diversification, as well as diversification at the intensive and at the extensive margins …) and export quality improvement. The empirical analysis shows that total AfT flows have a strong positive impact on export …