The possession of intangible assets has long been assumed as the major driver of international expansion and the factor that gives rise for the multinational company. The growth trajectory of South Africa banks does not conform with this theoretical prediction. In spite of the evident possession...

Objective: In this article, we show how agility and international experience influence the adjustment strategies that firms adopt when exposed to sanctions. We also assess how these strategies affect firms' financial performance. Research Design & Methods: Quantitative; international e-survey,...

We study how the country of origin of a firm influences its internationalization, analyzing emerging economy multinational companies (EMNCs) as a laboratory for extending theory. EMNCs have been observed to vary from advanced economy MNCs (AMNCs), suggesting that the home context is the critical...

The factors that determine firms' levels of internationalization remain a focal area of international business research. Within this research stream, studies building on the upper echelons theory have investigated the influence of the demographic characteristics of the top management team (TMT)...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the number of minority international joint ventures (MIJVs) formed and the level of internationalization attained in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We argue that this is an inverted U-shaped...

Thinking strategically about foreign operation modes requires moving beyond making a choice for the initial entry into a country. The rethinking about foreign operation modes and how they are used in international business activity has ushered in consideration of the reality of mode combinations...

From a theoretical perspective it is well stated that firms involved in international markets should exhibit higher productivity levels. There is also empirical evidence that supports this result. This paper extends this relationship to a dynamic perspective. It provides evidence on how...