Not much is known about the characteristics of “early internationalizers” in their later life and there is scant empirical literature – and an acute need for quantitative studies – about the features of Born Internationals (BIs) after their first years of operation. In this context, we...

To better manage and understand the speed at which firms internationalize, managers and scholars need an appropriate conceptualization and a reliable and valid measure of speed of internationalization. The literature, however, adopts a limited temporal perspective and usually conceptualizes and...