The informal sector makes up an overwhelming share of both gross domestic product and total employment in Africa. In this paper, we lay out some of the basic characteristics of the informal sector in sub-Saharan Africa, relevant institutions, and development issues. Proposed policy approaches...

Economic arguments favoring increased immigration restrictions suggest that immigrants undermine the culture, institutions, and productivity of destination countries. But is this actually true? Nowrasteh and Powell systematically analyze cross-country evidence of potential negative effects...

"This chapter makes the standard economic case for free immigration. It outlines the massive global gains in output that eliminating immigration restrictions could create. It reviews the increased earnings and productivity of people based on place specific productivity, it reviews the evidence...