integrating trade elasticities into the analysis of carbon tariff’s impacts on trade flows and carbon emissions embodied in … tariffs for the 13 industries with an average of $42/tCO2. We found out that if America stopped importing from China by … considered when designing carbon tariffs …

decline in import growth. We then construct measures of export exposure to import tariffs by linking tariffs paid by importing …

Was the collapse of world trade between 1928 and 1937 caused by higher transport costs, increased protectionism or the … currency and trade blocs, international trade would have been 3 % larger. Finally, had transport costs remained at their 1928 …