Gravity variables such as distance, adjacency, colony, free trade agreements or language are used to capture the … effects of trade costs in empirical studies. By using actual data on trade costs, this paper decomposes the overall effects of … such variables on trade into those through three gravity channels: duties/tariffs (DC), transportation-costs (TC), and …

We use the dynamics of U.S. imports across goods in the period around the U.S.-China trade war with a model of exporter … dynamics to estimate the dynamic path of the probability of transiting between Normal Trade Relations and a trade war state. We … find (i) there was no increase in the likelihood of a trade war before 2018; (ii) the trade war was initially expected to …

The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) under the WTO is a newly-born and the first ever multilateral … agreement on trade in services. Despite of potential development and welfare prospects abound in the services sector, only … conducted under the Council for Trade in Services and the Committee on Trade in Financial Services serves as an effective forum …

integration with Turkey in their potential Free Trade Agreement (FTA). Our central model contains foreign direct investment (FDI …-tariff barriers in goods; and (iii) time in trade costs. We innovatively estimate the ad valorem equivalents of the three types of …

When countries are asymmetric, trade with heterogeneous firms can crowd in, rather than crowd out, less productive … theoretical literature, and highlights the importance of country heterogeneity in understanding trade with firm heterogeneity …

global income gains of $295 billion (including $78 billion for the United States) and offers a pathway to free trade in the …

-Wan theorem on trade agreements. It would warrant, for example, a Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement with incomplete ASEAN …

Worldwide, free trade agreements (FTAs) have remained a debatable issue. This paper tries to demystify the recent myths … analysing the determinants of Intra-Industry Trade (IIT), which has remained as one of the most dominant forms of trade flows …, not explained by the traditional trade theories. Most importantly, the paper highlights the economics of IIT in the …