. The topic has become particularly controversial for Australia, given its ongoing Free Trade Agreement negotiations with … Japan – which is also considering joining negotiations underway among Australia and 10 other states (including the US) for … an expanded Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement. Both Japan and Australia have almost always included ISA protections in …

The relationship between the bilateral investment treaty (‘BIT') between Australia and China (1988) and the … unlikely to affect the interpretation or application of the ‘old style' Australia-China BIT, leaving the latter obligations in … place without textual nuance, and Australia in particular open to an ISDS claim on the basis of those broad obligations …