State-owned enterprises (SOEs) are a major force in the Chinese economy and a growing presence in international trade and investment. The challenge to the WTO legal regime is commercial, given their size and their share of Chinese output, and political, given worries that trade and investment by...

Accountability is fundamental to democratic governance and good administration, but its multiple meanings and claimants challenge international organizations. Who is accountable implies who can be accountable, and the matters for which some process exists to hold them accountable through some...

Transparency obligations have undergone substantial transformations since the inception of the GATT in 1947. The paper begins by tracing the evolution of transparency principles during the WTO era. From an obligation to publish general laws affecting trade, the system now includes peer review by...

This paper takes the importance of asking about accountability for granted, and looks only at the WTO. The immediate objective is to ask who might be accountable at WTO, which requires considering what sort of entity WTO is, in the next section, and then extending an analytic framework developed...