, testing for the importance of pairwise country links as well as characteristics of the receiving country (trade and financial … open- ness, exchange rate regime, fiscal variables). We find that trade integration fosters the spill-over of business … cycles, both bilaterally and as a country characteristic (trade openness). Results for financial integration are mixed …

benchmark calibration, we estimate that the capital misallocation induced by these barriers reduces World GDP by 7%, compared to …-country inequality: the standard deviation of log capital per employee is 80% higher than it would be in a world without barriers to …