In this article I make three main arguments. First, the appropriate governance choice for firms is one that reflects the tradeoff between market failure and relational failure or, in other words, between knowledge appropriability and knowledge accessibility. Second, through what may be...

How do emerging market enterprises become competitive actors in a global environment still largely dominated by established firms from advanced economies? Debate on this question is fueled by an apparent paradox: Even though EMEs are increasingly becoming global contenders, their underlying...

This paper is primarily concerned with inter-firm heterogeneity. By revisiting Ricardian economics and, in particular, introducing and applying the principles of comparative advantage to strategy inquiry, it advances current theoretical understanding of the phenomenon. Moreover, by introducing...