Roger Ballard dissects the Treasury proposals for upgrading the UK's current regulartory structure for MSBs in the light of his knowledge of the operation of contemporary IVTS/Hawala system, as well as an analyis of developments in the USA which has been set out by Nikos Passas in a recently...

A comprehensive overview of the development of contemporary IVTS networks operating within a hawala format, exploring the way in which coalitions of reciprocity are utilized to underwrite system security within such networks, such that they work smoothly and efficiently despite the absence of...

This document contains an edited version of an expert report prepared for the de fence in one of the many 'Hawala'/money laundering prosecutions currently being mounted by UK Customs and Excise. It was created in 2003.