Rational choice approaches to customary international law have gained in prominence in recent years. Although becoming increasingly sophisticated, they are not able to explain all phenomena of customary international law. This contribution claims that there are two different types of unwritten...

Despite large uncertainties in the fertilization efficiency, natural iron fertilization studies and some of the purposeful iron enrichment studies have demonstrated that Southern Ocean iron fertilization can lead to a significant export of carbon from the sea surface to the ocean interior. From...

In their majority, public international lawyers postulate that for a new rule of customary law to originate, two conditions must be fulfilled: there must be consistent practice, and it must be shown that this practice is motivated by the belief that such behaviour is required in law. Maurice...

Ziel der Broschüre ist es, die rechtlichen und wissenschaftlichen Hintergründe des internationalen Artenschutzübereinkommens CITES, der EG-Verordnung Nr. 338/97 und deren Umsetzung durch die Zollverwaltung in Deutschland für interessierte Menschen zu erläutern. Denn nur wer die Probleme und...

Ziel der Broschüre ist es, die rechtlichen und wissenschaftlichen Hintergründe des internationalen Artenschutzübereinkommens CITES, der EG-Verordnung Nr. 338/97 und deren Umsetzung durch die Zollverwaltung in Deutschland für interessierte Menschen zu erläutern. Denn nur wer die Probleme und...

This paper analyses the potentially conflictual provisions of the Agreement on the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) pertaining to plant genetic resources and intellectual property rights (IPRs). It concludes that...

This note is part of a series of articles exploring the legal implications of Israel's 2008-2009 'Operation Cast Lead' offensive against Hamas in Gaza and explores the legal implications of the offensive and Israel's control of Gaza's borders in light of the human right to adequate food. The...

Diplomatic assurances are agreements reached between the State from which an individual is to be transferred and the receiving State that the individual to be transferred is not at risk of suffering certain human rights abuses. Such assurances are generally sought from States that are known for...

An examination of some of the recent decisions of the panels and Appellate Body demonstrates the continuing evolution of WTO trade rules through traditional processes of treaty interpretation, reference to earlier jurisprudence and judicial reasoning. The quasi-judicial development of the law in...